Dosi Notes

Biology Plus Notes- October 21, 2015

First Period (2 Hours today)

 

 

Bell Work: Which Elements are Carbohydrates made of? What is an example of something that contains carbohydrates?

Hydrate: Hydrogen; Oxygen

Carbo: Carbon

 

Your breakfast was made of carbohydrates. Bread, Pancakes….

 

Students watched video on Carbohydrates. 

 

Bread, Pasta, and grains are carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates give us energy, but also give us structure. 

Carbohydrates contain sugar. Plants also have some types of sugars.  Some special carbohydrates are also in plants and bugs.

 

Sugars are called saccharides- monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide.

 

**Carbohydrates- CH2O; 1 carbon, 2 hydrogens, 1 oxygen

Ratio of CH2O is 1:2:1 (This will be a question on a test.)

Monosaccharides: C6H12O6 (Still 1:2:1 ratio)

 

Glucose, Fructose, Galactose–Monosaccharides

Glucose+Fructose= Sucrose (disaccharide)

Glucose+ Galactose= Lactose (disaccharide)

 

Starch is really big. It is a polysaccharide.

 

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver. 

 

Carbohydrate? Yes or No

1. C8H14O4- No

2. C6H12O6- Yes

3. C4H8O4- Yes

4. C100H200O100- Yes

 

Lipids- Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen;

Hydrocarbons; Lipids- fats, oils, and wax;

Triglycerides- (Fats and Oils)

1. most common type of lipid

2. in butter, lard, margarines, oils

3. Functions; store energy and protection/insulation

4. Structure: 1 Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids

 

Saturated fats are usually solid.

Unsaturated fats are usually liquid.

Phospholipids- have a phosphate group; Head of the phospholipid has a phosphate; the tails do not like water; 

 

All lipids are Hydrophobic (afraid of water).

 

Hydro-water

Phobic-fear

Oil and water do not mix.

Functions of lipids: 

1. store energy; 

2. insulation/regulate heat; 

3. make up membranes; 

4. cell messengers

 

Most lipids are made of Fatty Acids

Fatty Acid- made of a head and a tail

 

Quiz Question- Ticket Out the Door:

Why do we need carbohydrates?