Matson World Geography

Matson World Geography Mid-Term Review

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1.     Ethnic makeup of a city is best associated with the geographic theme of HUMAN PLACE.

2.     MOVEMENT: Example: The spread of languages and religions

3.     ABSOLUTE LOCATION: Using latitude and longitude to find places on the earth

4.     If you wanted to visit all the mountains in the U.S. you would use a PHYSICAL map.

5.     Foods, language, and music that make an area unique is best, such as Latin America is best associated with the geographic theme of REGION.

6.     PRIME MERIDIAN: A line of longitude that separates the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere

7.     If you wanted to know what direction you were traveling from Memphis to Nashville, you would look at the COMPASS ROSE on a map.

8.     The United States is located in the NORTHERN and western hemispheres of the earth.

9.     If you travel the most direct route from North America to Europe, you would cross the ATLANTIC.

10.  Lines of LATITUDE are used to locate places north and south of the Equator.

11.  The relationship between distance on a map, and the actual distances of the earth is shown by a map SCALE.

12.    SYMBOL: Something that stands for, or suggests something else on a map.

13.  If it is 8:00 am in Memphis, what time would it be in New York? 9:00 am

14.  Memphis is located in the CENTRAL time zone.

15.  The seasonal changes are caused by the tilt of the earth and the REVOLUTION of the earth around the sun.

16.  During the equinox, the direct rays of the sun are over the EQUATOR

17.  When the summer solstice occurs in the northern hemisphere on June 21-22 it is the LONGEST day of the year.

18.  WATER CYCLE: The process by which water enter the air through evaporation in a gaseous state, then condenses back to a liquid state and falls on the earth as precipitation.

19.  What is the most important factor that determines climate regions around the world? LATITUDE LOCATION

20.  HUMIDITY: The amount of moisture in the air.

21.  CONDENSATION: Process changes water from a gaseous state to a liquid state forming clouds or fog?

22.  WARM AIR can hold more moisture.

23.  The low latitudes are best associated with HOT TEMPERATURES around the equator.

24.  The weight of the air is known as ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.

25.  As elevation increases, the air temperatures DECREASE.

26.  Tornadoes and hurricanes form LOW pressure Systems.

27.  The prevailing winds that affect the middle latitudes are called the WESTERLIES.

28.  TROPICAL WET-DRY climate region is hot all year with heavy rainfall; broadleaf evergreen trees, near the equator.

29.  Ocean currents bring moisture to Pacific Northwestern states giving them a MARINE climate.

30.  TUNDRA: climate regions that is close to poles; briefly chilly summers with mosses and lichens main vegetation, treeless

31.  SAVANNA: The vegetation of the Tropical Wet dry climate region

32.  Some scientists believe that excessive heat trapped by the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels is causing GLOBAL WARMING.

33.  When air masses of different temperatures meet, the leading edges clash forming FRONTAL precipitation.

34.  In general, LOW-pressure areas tend to have unstable weather with clouds, rain, and storms.

35.  Precipitation in the Memphis area is due primarily to FRONTAL PRECIPITATION.

36.  Thunderstorms occur whenever hot, humid are RISE RAPIDLY.

37.  Memphis is located in the HUMID SUBTROPICAL climate region.

38.  Trees that lose their leaves each year are known as DECIDUOUS trees.

39.  The interior of Greenland would be in the POLAR climate zone.

40.  The rigid, outer layer of the earth is known as the crust or LITHOSPHERE

41.  When an oceanic plate meets a continental plate, what feature is likely to occur on land? MOUNTAINS

42.  The PACIFIC OCEAN is associated with the term “Ring of Fire” due to abundance of volcanoes and earthquakes.

43.  The thickest layer of the earth consisting of molten rock is the MANTLE.

44.  FOLDED MOUNTAIN Type looks like a series of rounded waves, as in Appalachian Mountains of Eastern TN.

45.  The HYDROSPHERE deals with water on the earth, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and seas.

46.  REELFOOT LAKE was formed from the New Madrid earthquake in 1811-1812.

47.  Evidence to support the theory of Plate Tectonics:

a.    Similar fossils in Africa and South America

b.    Coal deposits in Antarctica

c.     Continents seems to fit together

48.  The Red Sea is an example of a DIVERGENT BOUNDARY that has separated the Arabian peninsula from Africa.

49.  The fault along the South American coast which formed the Andes Mountains and the Peru-Chile trench is the result of an OCEANIC PLATE meeting a CONTINENTAL PLATE.

50.  What you need to be prepared for an earthquake:

a.    Water

b.    Canned or dried food

c.     Blankets

d.    Wrench to turn of gas meter.

51.  CONVERGENT: two plates are being pushed together

52.  When two continental plates collide MOUNTAINS are made.

53.  The San Andreas Fault in California is a TRANSFORM fault where plates are sliding past each other.

54.  Besides a volcanic mountain, A DOME is formed by molten rock.

55.  The Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Himalaya Mountains are examples of FAULT BLOCK MOUNTAINS where huge slabs of rock are pushed upward.

56.  The Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Atlantic Ocean is an example of a DIVERGENT boundary where plates are pulling apart.

57.  If there is an earthquake while you are in the classroom, you should GET UNDER YOUR DESK.

58.  ASTHENOSPHERE: the upper layer of the mantle, where plate movement on the earth occurs.

59.  The inner and outer core of the earth is composed of METALS.

60.  In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of LARGE HETEROGENEOUS GROUPS.

61.  Which type of culture is more related to a rural setting and agriculture? FOLK

62.  Diffusion of POPULAR culture is more related to a rural setting and agriculture.

63.  Loss of traditional values, media imperialism, excessive environmental impact is more likely to be a thread for FOLK.

64.  Language, religion, and values are examples of NON-MATERIAL Culture.

65.  DIFFUSION is when one idea spreads from one group to another.

66.  ACCULTURATION: When a group or person adopts some traits of another culture.

67.  CULTURE TRAITS: food, language, religion

68.  GLOBALIZATION: when connections around the world increase and cultures interact more

69.  LINGUA FRANCA: Language for trade and communication around the world.

70.  MONOTHEISM: Belief in one God

71.  Mecca is the Holy City for the ISLAM religion

72.  CHRISTIANITY: Protestants, Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox

73.  HINDUISM: Predominant religion in India

74.  Jerusalem is the Holy City for: Islam, Christians, and Judaism. 

75.  UNIVERSALIZING RELIGION: a type of religion that is more likely to spread around the world.

76.  An example of a push Factor: Country Wide Famine

77.  THE RATE OF NATURAL CAUSES: The birth rate minus the death rate

78.  If a country has a high infant mortality rate, the MEDICAL CARE needs improvement.

79.  Geographers study MIGRATION by analyzing push and pull factors.

80.  POPULATION DENSITY: The number of people that live on a square mile

81.  Why should Memphians know about preparing for an earthquake? Because we live 100 miles of an earthquake zone, New Madrid